Card Access
https://www.hidglobal.com/documents/card-technology-guide
Magnetic Strip
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_card
Read Magnetic Card Data Directly Off the Card.
Usually Track 1, Track 2, and Maybe Track 3 Data.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiegand_interface
https://www.dsxinc.com/pdfs/whatisclockanddata.pdf
Smart Card Chips
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_card
Direct-contact based low voltage communications.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Card
RFID Wireless Technology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification
Contactless Low Frequency
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proximity_card
125 KHz – 3-4˝ (depending the reader used)
HID Prox 26D-37D
https://www.idesco.com/files/articles/HID%20-%20Understanding%20card%20formats.pdf
Contactless High Frequency
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-field_communication
13.56 MHz – 3-4˝ (depending the reader used)
Shares same frequency as NFC, some cards share protocols.
HID iCLASS, MIFARE, and DESFire
Wireless Ultra-High Frequency
860 to 956 MHz (EU, US, JP) – up to 4 – 8.5 m (depending the card or tag and reader used)
Cameras
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ONVIF